What term describes the process of tissue breaking down after death?

The term that describes the specific process of tissue breaking down after death is putrefaction. This process is characterized by the action of microorganisms and bacteria that thrive in the absence of oxygen, leading to the breakdown of organic matter. Putrefaction involves the release of gases, which causes bloating and distinct odors associated with decaying organic material.

While autolysis, necrosis, and decomposition are related concepts, they are distinct in their processes and implications. Autolysis refers to the self-digestion of tissues due to the body's own enzymes, primarily occurring shortly after death. Necrosis is the process of cell death in living tissue due to injury or disease, not specifically after death. Decomposition is a broader term that encompasses all stages of organic material breakdown, including both putrefaction and autolysis, making it less specific than putrefaction in regards to the microbial action that is predominately involved in tissue breakdown following death.