What is the primary purpose of embalming?

The primary purpose of embalming encompasses both prevention of decomposition and ensuring sanitation, which is why the correct answer is a combination of those two aspects.

When a body is embalmed, chemicals are introduced to preserve the tissues and inhibit the growth and activity of bacteria and other microorganisms responsible for decomposition. This preservation process helps delay the natural breakdown of the body's organic materials, thereby extending the time available for viewing and memorial purposes.

Additionally, embalming plays a crucial role in sanitation. By using preservative fluids, the bodily fluids that can harbor pathogens are replaced, reducing the risk of disease transmission. This is particularly significant in the context of public health and safety, as it helps to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

While aesthetic considerations do play a part in embalming, particularly for viewing during funeral services, they are not the primary reason for the procedure. The central aims are firmly rooted in biological preservation and hygienic precautions.