What is referred to as the science of treating the body chemically for preservation?

The term that describes the science of treating the body chemically for preservation is "chemical preservation." This process involves the use of various chemical agents, typically embalming fluids, to inhibit decomposition and preserve the body's appearance for viewing or burial. Chemical preservation works by effectively interposing between the body's decomposing tissues and the bacteria and enzymes that cause decay.

In the context of funeral practices and mortuary science, understanding the method of chemical preservation is critical. This practice ensures that the deceased can be presented in a manner that allows family and friends to pay their respects with dignity. Using chemicals for preservation goes beyond merely slowing decay; it also includes the aesthetic consideration of maintaining the deceased's appearance.

The other options, while relevant in various contexts, do not accurately define the chemical process used for preservation. Temporary preservation might refer to short-term measures that can include refrigeration or various cooling techniques but does not define the chemical aspect. Permanent preservation could imply methods that ensure long-term retention, which generally does not apply in the immediate context of just treating a body chemically. Restoration usually pertains to the process of cosmetic improvement and repair rather than preservation through chemicals.