What does 'sequestering calcium ions' in anticoagulants refer to?

Sequestering calcium ions in the context of anticoagulants refers to the process of binding or isolating calcium ions to prevent them from participating in the coagulation cascade of blood. Calcium ions play a crucial role in various stages of blood clotting; they are essential for numerous steps in the coagulation pathway. By sequestering these ions, anticoagulants effectively inhibit the clotting process, thereby preventing the formation of blood clots. This is vital in embalming, as it allows for the preservation of the body without the complications that arise from post-mortem clotting.

The other options do not accurately capture the role of sequestering calcium ions. Enhancing blood coagulation contradicts the purpose of an anticoagulant. Increasing fluid viscosity is not directly related to the action of anticoagulants. Improving fluid shelf-life does not specifically address the mechanism of how anticoagulants function regarding calcium ions. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the primary role of sequestering calcium ions as a preventive measure against blood clotting.